OpenGL not working at all

Hello,

trying my luck with openGL from FTN95 with the following piece of code:

WINAPP
program GLWindow 
    
    include <opengl.ins>
    include <windows.ins>
    
	character*20 title
    
	title = 'MyGLExercise'    
	iwin=winio@('%ca@&',title)				! Define Caption
    iwin=winio@('%og&',600,400)				! Open GL
	iwin = winio@('%sp&',0,0)				! set window position
    iwin=winio@('%lw',iwindow)				! leave window open

! 	Init OpenGL
    
	call glShadeModel (GL_SMOOTH)
    call glClearColor (0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)	! clear screen to blue
    call glClearDepth (1.0)
    call glEnable (GL_DEPTH_TEST)
    call glDepthFunc (GL_LEQUAL)
    call glHint (GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST)

! Clear GL Window

   	call glClear(ior(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT, GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT))
    call glLoadIdentity()

!	draw triangle
    
	call glTranslatef(-1.5,0.0,-6.0)
    call glcolor3f(1.0,0.0,0.0)				! Set color to red
    call glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES)
    	call glVertex3f(0.0,1.0,0.0)
        call glVertex3f(-1.0,-1.0,0.0)
        call glVertex3f(1.0,-1.0,0.0)
	call glEnd() 

!	draw square
    
	call glTranslatef(3.0,0.0,0.0)
    call glBegin(GL_QUADS)
    	call glVertex3f(-1.0, 1.0, 0.0)       
    	call glVertex3f( 1.0, 1.0, 0.0)       
    	call glVertex3f( 1.0,-1.0, 0.0)       
    	call glVertex3f(-1.0,-1.0, 0.0) 
	call glEnd()              
    
	call sleep@(5.0)    

end    

I would expect

• openGL window to open - okay
• clear it to blue - not okay, remains black
• display of triangle and quad in red - not okay.

What did I miss ??

Norbert

Don't know but try the following simple example from the help file...

PROGRAM Simple
 INCLUDE <clearwin.ins>,nolist
 INCLUDE <opengl.ins>,nolist
 REAL t1,t2
 INTEGER i, ctrl
 i=winio@('%es%ca[Simple OpengGL Sample]&amp;')
 i=winio@('%sp%ww[no_border]%og[static]%lw',
&amp;         0, 0, 500, 500, ctrl)
 CALL glClearColor (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
 CALL glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT)
 CALL glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
 CALL glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION)
 CALL glLoadIdentity()
 CALL glOrtho(-1d0, 1d0, -1d0, 1d0, -1d0, 1d0)
 CALL glBegin(GL_POLYGON)
 CALL glVertex2f(-0.5, -0.5)
 CALL glVertex2f(-0.5, 0.5)
 CALL glVertex2f( 0.5, 0.5)
 CALL glVertex2f( 0.5, -0.5)
 CALL glEnd()
 CALL glFlush()
 END

Norbert,

After hacking about a little with your code, I got this that works:-

  WINAPP 
  program GLWindow 

  INCLUDE <clearwin.ins>,nolist 
  INCLUDE <opengl.ins>,nolist 

  character*20 title 

  iwindow=0

  title = 'MyGLExercise' 
  iwin=winio@('%ca@&amp;',title)            ! Define Caption 
  iwin=winio@('%og&amp;',600,400)            ! Open GL 
  iwin = winio@('%sp&amp;',0,0)            ! set window position 
  iwin=winio@('%lw',iwindow)            ! leave window open 

! Init OpenGL

  call glShadeModel (GL_SMOOTH) 
  call glClearColor (0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)   ! clear screen to blue 
  call glClearDepth (1.0) 
  call glEnable (GL_DEPTH_TEST) 
  call glDepthFunc (GL_LEQUAL) 
  call glHint (GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST) 

! Clear GL Window

  call glClear(ior(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT, GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)) 
  call glLoadIdentity() 

! draw triangle

  call glcolor3f(1.0,0.0,0.0)            ! Set color to red 
  call glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES) 
  call glVertex3f(1.0,1.0,0.0) 
  call glVertex3f(0.0,-1.0,0.0) 
  call glVertex3f(1.0,-1.0,0.0) 
  call glEnd() 

! draw square

  call glcolor3f(0.0,1.0,0.0)            ! Set color to green
  call glBegin(GL_QUADS) 
  call glVertex3f(-0.5, 0.5, 0.0)
  call glVertex3f( 0.5, 0.5, 0.0)
  call glVertex3f( 0.5,-0.5, 0.0)
  call glVertex3f(-0.5,-0.5, 0.0) 
  call glEnd()

  CALL glFlush() 

  end

The most significant changes I made were:-

i). replace windows.ins with clearwin.ins ii). add the glflush call to the end (you must call this otherwise the opengl commands never get issued)

I hope this helps, it is well worth perservering with OpenGL, the results are excellent.

cheers John :lol:

Thanks Paul and John,

... but still there must be some point that I am missing.

• John: I introduced your modifications, I even did cut and paste your code into my Plato. The improvement is, that now clearing the screen to blue works fine, but I still do get neither triangle nor square. Did this work on your system ? If yes, do I have to change some settings or link additional libraries or whatever might be outside of the code. Link worked all right without any errors or warnings though.

• Paul's code worked okay - but I fail to see the difference in the general approach from this sample to my code (after following John's advice, that is)

1. include clearwin.ins and opengl.ins
2. open GL-Window, leave it open
3. start calling OpenGL routines
4. finally call glFlush to have them executed

:? :?

Norbert

Norbert,

Yes the code I supplied back works fine with me, I see the triangle and square clearly.

I do not use Plato ! I do all my editing and source code writing using the freeware PFE editior. I do all my compiling and linking in a DOS window using the command line. For this simple example all I did was this:-

ftn95 glwindow.for /link

No additional setting or libraries are necessary.

cheers John

After some further time I got it - but I do not understand it.

Johns modifications work okay - when I remove the statement

call glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST).

from the code. If I re-introduce it, I only receive the blue screen. :? 😮 :?

Is there something wrong with my system, my installation, my settings or what ??

Norbert

I get the same as you - blue if the routine is not removed. I see the green and red if it is removed. Paul's example fails as it doesn't have another continuation marker. His b&w squares fill with garbage after a while. In both cases, if the window is obscured (covered) and then re-exposed, the image is gone.

Eddie

if the window is obscured (covered) and then re-exposed, the image is gone.

This is fixed when the 'static' option is selected in the call to %og like

iwin=winio@('%og[static]&',600,400)

Norbert

Norbert, Eddie

Your example is very trivial, which is of course the correct place to start.

But you can only start to appreciate the true power of OpenGL when you use display lists. I have modified your code again, to include a display list and a callback function to initialise and refresh the graphics.

  WINAPP 
  program GLWindow 

  INCLUDE <clearwin.ins>,nolist 
  INCLUDE <opengl.ins>,nolist 

  external opengl_proc

  character*20 title 
  iwindow=0

  title = 'MyGLExercise' 
  iwin=winio@('%ca@&amp;',title)            ! Define Caption 
  iwin=winio@('%^og&amp;',600,400,opengl_proc) ! Open GL 
  iwin = winio@('%sp&amp;',0,0)            ! set window position 
  iwin=winio@('%lw',iwindow)            ! leave window open 

  end

  integer function opengl_proc()

  INCLUDE <clearwin.ins>,nolist 
  INCLUDE <opengl.ins>,nolist 

  character*128 reason

  reason=clearwin_string@('CALL_BACK_REASON')

    if (reason.eq.'SETUP') then
      call ogl_init
    else if (reason.eq.'DIRTY') then
      call refresh
    end if

  opengl_proc=2

  end

  subroutine ogl_init

  INCLUDE <clearwin.ins>,nolist 
  INCLUDE <opengl.ins>,nolist 

  common /gl_list/klist

  klist=100

  call glNewList(KLIST,GL_COMPILE)

! Init OpenGL

  call glShadeModel (GL_SMOOTH) 
  call glClearColor (0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)   ! clear screen to blue 
  call glClearDepth (1.0) 
  call glEnable (GL_DEPTH_TEST) 
  call glDepthFunc (GL_LEQUAL) 
  call glHint (GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST) 

! Clear GL Window

  call glClear(ior(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT, GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)) 
  call glLoadIdentity() 

! draw triangle

  call glcolor3f(1.0,0.0,0.0)            ! Set color to red 
  call glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES) 
  call glVertex3f(1.0,1.0,0.0) 
  call glVertex3f(0.0,-1.0,0.0) 
  call glVertex3f(1.0,-1.0,0.0) 
  call glEnd() 

! draw square

  call glcolor3f(0.0,1.0,0.0)            ! Set color to green
  call glBegin(GL_QUADS) 
  call glVertex3f(-0.5, 0.5, 0.0)
  call glVertex3f( 0.5, 0.5, 0.0)
  call glVertex3f( 0.5,-0.5, 0.0)
  call glVertex3f(-0.5,-0.5, 0.0) 
  call glEnd()

  CALL glFlush() 

  call glEndList()

  return
  end

  subroutine refresh

  INCLUDE <clearwin.ins>,nolist 
  INCLUDE <opengl.ins>,nolist 

  common /gl_list/klist

  call glClearColor (0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)   ! clear screen to blue 

! Clear GL Window

  call glClear(ior(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT, GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)) 
  call glLoadIdentity() 

  call glCallList(klist)

  call glFlush()

  call swap_opengl_buffers()

  return
  end

OpenGL is a vast subject and quite daunting at first ! I started by first studying the supplied examples with FTN95 and the relevant chapter of the Clearwin+ users guide, and thereafter downloading various tutorials from web searches. It was well worth the effort as the end result can be spectacular.

cheers John 😛

John,

thats about what I am trying to do.

The sample I came about with first is a contraction of the essential lines of code I got from Nehe's OpenGL Tutorial combined with what I got from clearwin to save me the effort to work with windows API.

I am well heading down the line to (finally) handle big objects on my screen with everything included to make the scene look and feel good. But I was stuck right at the beginning with some parts of code not working as I thought I understood how they should.

Thanks for your support. It feels good that there is someone out there who mastered this for two reasons: (1) this proves it can be done (2) for the hope to get some answer on postings in this forum here (hope to keep this low in number though).

Norbert

Norbert,

I had over 20 years experience in 'conventional' graphics programming, where I had learnt all the tricks to speed things up (tektronix screens were incredibly slow!) I also developed my own shading and hidden line removal algorithms from scratch, the results of which I was very happy with. However what can be achieved with OpenGL is an order of magnitude better. I had to almost unteach myself everything I had learnt and develope a new mindset.

Beware though, OpenGL can be very unforgiving, get it wrong and you can lock up your machine ! The debugger doesn't help you either, as it is not part of ftn95. But the ability to dynamically rotate, pan and zoom complex contour shaded images in real time adds a new level of capability to your programs.

cheers and good luck !

John 😛

John,

thanks for your good wishes - for I feel I am running out of luck - sort of. Unteaching is not that difficult with me, my knowledge of computer graphics is limited to 2D. Display of results in graphs on such slow things as Calcomp plotters (my experience being more than 30 years old).

Now, with this OpenGL, I feel I miss something, something vital has dodged my attention, some setting up or something. Linker does not give any message, so I assume all the routines are linked to the project. Or is this a misconception ?

This thing, that glEnable (GL_Depth_test) switches my objects on and off, looks very strange, kind of overflow somewhere. But how to detect ?

Next its gluPerspective that beats me (yes, I have all the parameters set to double precision). Following my maths, my objects should lie in the frustum of perspective, but they do not show.

The Salford samples work okay, even the statements that mess up my sample prog.

Did you set up any compiler or linker options to get to work ?

Any advice would be welcome.

Norbert

Norbert,

I can only recommend patience and not trying to run before you can walk. I didn't setup any options on the compiler or linker, just whatever it defaults to. I don't use the perspective view I use a straightforward orthogonal projection as I also maintain a GDI graphics driver and use the same graphics interrogation routines for both drivers. As I said earlier there are no debugging facilities (at least that I'm aware of), so I'd simply sprinkle write statements throughout the source code when attempting to locate an error. I display objects imported from CAD as either wireframe or solid shaded plus FE meshes. Shading requires computation of surface normals, occasionally really slivery geometry can make the surface normal calculation screw up and OpenGL doesn't like bad data! So I sanity check all data before making the relevant OpenGL call.

I got where I am by trial and error and studying a few tutorials (including NeHe). I found the texts I had downloaded too heavy going to read.

cheers John 8)

Norbert,

Just looking through the OpenGL initialisation routine I have and I've noticed that I use:-

  call glClearDepth(1.0d0)

A double precision argument not single.

cheers John :idea:

Thanks John for your hints.

You know, I am just following the NeHe tut - not running it 😃 😃 - and will do the same as you, that is start that old trial and error business.

But I am happy, that it is not some basic background thing everybody else knows but me - I just hate this being stupid feeling.

Cheers

Norbert 😃 😃

Norbert,

No problem, I do know how you feel, I felt the same. I had to enrol the help of a C++ programmer when it came to placing text strings in the graphics and screen captures, since OpenGL cannot do these things and it is necessary to use windows API calls to achieve this. That made me feel really dumb! If you like you can use the private message facility to contact me.

cheers John 😛

Thanks for your kind offer. Its a good feeling to know there is advice available if I get stuck.

Cheers Norbert